TOMS - MULTI-SPECTRAL OBSERVATION & SURVEILLANCE STABILIZED PLATFORM
One of the new products offered by Yugoimport-SDPR and promoted with the project of upgraded M-84AB1 tank is TOMS or tank observation device used for surveillance, reconnaiscance and day and night sighting as well as in low-visibility conditions. The need for development of such a multi-spectral observation system was imposed by the modern battlefield; this need is most often marked as «situational awareness» in specialized foreign literature and could be translated into Serbian as «situaciona svesnost». This term actually covers not only reliable and accurate information about one's own position in the battlefield, but also about target coordinates, types of targets, position of friendly and enemy troops etc. With their significantly improved communication technologies, new faster processors and robust software, contemporary armies tend to collect situational awareness data from various battlefield nodes (infantry troops, tanks and other combat vehicles, UAVs) in real time, with the aim of getting a reliable picture of the battlefield status. When connected to an appropriate communication subsystem, TOMS could also be positioned at the command post from where it could, by means of the Command Information System and based on the target and combat platforms (tanks, self-propelled launchers of PO missiles, infantry combat vehicles) data, forward the fire command together with firing data to the combat platform having the best firing position. The technical solutions applied during TOMS development have leaned to a large extent against the concept sensor clusters covering different segments of the electromagnetic spectrum. This way individual difficiencies inherent to each of the sensors are eliminated and more efficient performance is achieved. Several target attributes obtained from different sensors, or better, from different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum, increase the possibility of positive target identification.
TOMS is basically intended for observation of the tank area in day, night and low-visibility conditions. Due to the limited space of M-84AB1 tank, TOMS is mounted on top of the day-night sight and it is operated by the tank commander. The picture of an object of interest and its coordinates (with reference to the local system of coordinates connected to TOMS) are displayed on the command-information system monitor. As mentioned above, TOMS can be mounted with or without any modifications on other platforms such as tanks, infantry combat vehicles, armored carriers, ships of different displacement, stationary observation towers and different mobile platforms for border surveillance. Ship versions of TOMS could be used for surveillance of the local waters, the coastline and harbor installations. Modern practices show that these solutions with passive surveillance sensors are more rewarding than the use of surveillance radars which can easily be detected and can compromise the secrecy of the operation. Stationary observation towers can be one way to control the space. They can be positioned in the immediate vicinity of the points of interest such as the barracks, important political or industrial facilities, border zones etc. In that case, several TOMS systems arranged at several points near the «protected» facility, with centralized control, could cover the surrounding area, thus providing for „time reserve" in countering the enemy attack.
TOMS sensor subsystem includes the laser rangefinder, WFoV CCD TV camera, narrow angle black-and-white TV camera and the thermal imager.
In addition, TOMS has an interface for connection with the command and information system and the power supply; control accessories; protective cover and transportation packaging. The housing is designed so as to enable ballistic protection against armor piercing round 7.62 x 54 mm at 250 m aimed at the rear or the sides, while the top is protected against fragmentation effect. The two main operating modes of TOMS are preparatory and operating modes. In the former, TOMS carries out the procedure of defining its own system of coordinates with reference to that of the command and information system. The latter enables TOMS to select the appropriate camera (TV or thermal imager), and then to search and survey the area with the selected sensor, as well as to measure the spheric coordinates of the spotted target in its own system of coordinates.
One more distinguishing design feature of TOMS is the possibility to elevate it for more efficient surveillance. There are two main platform positions: marching or combat position, and surveillance position when the platform is raised to the height of 50 cm.
TOMS cosists of several „intelligent" subsystems: control panel, video block, engine block, laser rangefinder with computers which by communicating with one another enable overall system operation. Data are exchanged over an internal network, as per the preset protocol. Communication with the command and information system is achieved via a serial link RS232. This link is a very important TOMS feature, because it facilitates data transmission from TOMS to a higher command post or to other forces. This way the firepower is put to its best use.
TOMS – basic characteristics:
- TOMS measures the spheric coordinates of targets at the distances of up to 10 km moving at the angular speeds of up to 10 °/s in respect to the TOMS current position
- Measuring accuracy, target distance: ± 5 m
- Measuring accuracy, angles: 1 mrad - 1.5 mrad
- Field of action in horizontal plane: n x 360 °
- Field of action in elevation: -10 to +70°
- Wide field of view, TV camera: 20 °
- Narrow field of view, TV camera: 3 °
- Wavelength, laser rangefinder: 1.064 microns
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