Here is the breakdown of 4.5 generation and 5th generation multirole fighters currently in service or on firm order for each of the requested countries.
• 4.5 Gen: Modernized fighters with AESA radar, advanced sensors, and network capability (e.g., Eurofighter Typhoon, Dassault Rafale, F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, upgraded F-16V/Viper).
• 5th Gen: Stealth fighters (F-35 Lightning II, F-22 Raptor, Su-57, J-20). For NATO/European nations, this exclusively means the F-35.
• Multirole only: Dedicated interceptors (like the F-15C or MiG-31) and pure trainers are excluded. Numbers are approximate active/fleet totals.
Country 4.5 Gen Multirole 5th Gen (F-35) Total Primary Types
Albania 0 0 0 None (uses older jets)
Belgium 0 34 34 F-35A (replacing F-16)
Bulgaria 16 0 16 F-16V Block 70
Croatia 12 0 12 Rafale F3-R
Czech Republic 14 0 14 JAS-39 Gripen C/D
Denmark 0 27 27 F-35A
Estonia 0 0 0 No fighters (NATO air policing)
Finland 0 64 64 F-35A (ordered; current Hornets retiring)
France 102 0 102 Rafale B/C/M
Germany 138 35 173 Typhoon, F-35A
Greece 24 20 44 Rafale F3-R, F-35A (on order)
Hungary 12 0 12 JAS-39 Gripen C/D
Iceland 0 0 0 No armed forces (NATO air policing)
Italy 93 37 130 Typhoon, F-35A/B
Latvia 0 0 0 No fighters (NATO air policing)
Lithuania 0 0 0 No fighters (NATO air policing)
Luxembourg 0 0 0 No air force
Montenegro 0 0 0 No fighters
Netherlands 0 52 52 F-35A (former F-16s retired)
North Macedonia 0 0 0 None (uses older jets)
Norway 0 45 45 F-35A
Poland 48 32 80 F-16C/D Block 52+, F-35A (on order)
Portugal 28 0 28 F-16AM/BM MLU
Romania 17 32 49 F-16AM/BM, F-35A (ordered)
Slovakia 14 0 14 F-16V Block 70
Slovenia 0 0 0 None (uses older jets)
Spain 120 0 120 Typhoon, F/A-18 Hornet+ (EF-18M)
Sweden 94 0 94 JAS-39 Gripen C/D & E
United Kingdom 0 37 37 F-35B (operates on carriers)
1. The F-35 Dominates 5th Gen: Every European 5th-gen fighter listed is the F-35. The UK, Italy, and the Netherlands are long-term operators, while Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Poland, and Romania are in various stages of receiving theirs.
2. The "4.5 Gen Club": France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden operate large fleets of highly capable 4.5-gen jets (Rafale, Typhoon, Gripen). These will remain the backbone of their air forces for decades alongside smaller F-35 fleets.
3. Eastern Flank Modernization: Poland (48 F-16s + 32 F-35s) and Romania (17 F-16s + 32 F-35s on order) are rapidly building the most modern multirole forces in Eastern Europe. Bulgaria, Croatia, and Slovakia have recently acquired new 4.5-gen fighters (F-16V, Rafale, F-16V).
4. Smaller Nations with No Fighters: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Iceland, Luxembourg, Montenegro, North Macedonia, and Slovenia do not operate their own multirole fighters. They rely on NATO's Baltic Air Policing (for the Baltics) and Allied guarantees.
Summary Total for the 28 nations listed:
• 4.5 Gen Multirole: ~720 aircraft
• 5th Gen F-35: ~415 aircraft (including firm orders not yet delivered)
• Grand Total: ~1,135 advanced multirole fighters